John Clifton "Jack" Bogle (May 8, 1929 – January 16, 2019) was an American investor, business magnate, and philanthropist. He was the founder and chief executive of The Vanguard Group, and is credited with creating the first index fund.

An avid investor and money manager himself, he preached investment over speculation, long-term patience over short-term action, and reducing broker fees as much as possible.

The ideal investment vehicle for Bogle was a low-cost index fund held over a period of a lifetime with dividends reinvested and purchased with dollar cost averaging.

In this video he talked about how to invest effectively in a really hard time. He suggested people reduce their stock levels by 5-10% and adjust their portfolio based on their abilities to deal with market decline, including their financial abilities and emotional abilities.

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Attribution: “Bogleheads® Conference 2018 - John Bogle Q & A” by Bogleheads. Shared via a Creative Commons CC-BY license. https://youtu.be/eoNIaI7sZls

Warning: This video is to show you how John Bogle started his financial career. Please do your research before doing any investment. A good balance between return and risk is the key to investment success.

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