War in Afghanistan (2001–present) | Wikipedia audio article |
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War in Afghanistan (2001–present) 00:05:16 1 Before the start of war 00:05:25 1.1 Origins of Afghanistan's civil war 00:08:20 1.2 Warlord rule (1992–1996) 00:09:31 1.3 Taliban Emirate vs Northern Alliance 00:13:35 1.3.1 Al-Qaeda 00:15:25 1.3.2 Change in U.S. policy toward Afghanistan 00:18:17 1.3.3 Northern Alliance on the eve of 9/11 00:20:01 1.4 11 September attacks 00:21:26 1.5 U.S. ultimatum to Taliban 00:23:32 2 History 00:23:41 2.1 U.S. invasion of Afghanistan 00:26:54 2.2 Post-Anaconda operations 00:28:50 2.3 2003–2005 Taliban resurgence, war with Afghan forces 00:32:12 2.4 2006: War between NATO forces and Taliban 00:35:41 2.5 2007: US build-up, ISAF war against Taliban 00:39:47 2.6 Reassessment and renewed commitment 2008 00:42:29 2.7 Taliban attacks on supply lines 2008 00:43:11 2.8 US action into Pakistan 2008–2009 00:45:35 2.9 2009 US reinforcements, Taliban progress 00:45:46 2.9.1 Northern Distribution Network 00:48:02 2.9.2 2009 Increase in U.S. troops 00:50:36 2.9.3 Kunduz airstrike 00:51:02 2.9.4 Operation Khanjar and Operation Panther's Claw 00:52:08 2.9.5 Taliban gains 00:55:11 2.10 2010: American–British offensive and Afghan peace initiative 00:56:59 2.10.1 Troop surge 00:59:08 2.10.2 Battle of Marjah 01:00:01 2.10.3 WikiLeaks disclosure 01:01:02 2.10.4 Pakistan and U.S. tensions 01:01:55 2.11 2011: U.S. and NATO drawdown 01:02:02 2.11.1 Battle of Kandahar 01:02:57 2.11.2 Death of Osama bin Laden 01:03:17 2.11.3 Withdrawal 01:04:46 2.11.4 2011 U.S.–NATO attack in Pakistan 01:05:34 2.12 2012: Strategic agreement 01:05:57 2.12.1 Reformation of the United Front (Northern Alliance) 01:08:04 2.12.2 High-profile U.S. military incidents 01:09:20 2.12.3 Enduring Strategic Partnership Agreement 01:10:33 2.12.4 NATO Chicago Summit: Troops withdrawal and long-term presence 01:11:14 2.13 2013: Withdrawal 01:11:23 2.13.1 Karzai–Obama meeting 01:13:24 2.13.2 Security transfer 01:14:22 2.14 2014: Withdrawal continues and the insurgency increases 01:19:37 2.15 2015 Taliban resurgence 01:23:55 2.15.1 Kabul Parliament attack 01:24:54 2.15.2 Kunduz Offensive 01:26:43 2.16 Taliban negotiations, 2015–2016 01:28:05 2.17 Taliban infighting, 2015–2016 01:30:04 2.18 Taliban offensive in Helmand Province, 2015–2018 01:39:39 2.19 2016 01:54:08 2.19.1 2016 peace deal 01:54:56 2.20 2017 01:55:05 2.20.1 Events 02:05:06 2.20.2 Donald Trump's Afghanistan policy 02:08:11 2.21 2018 02:08:20 2.21.1 Events 02:11:13 3 Impact on Afghan society 02:11:23 3.1 Civilian casualties 02:15:46 3.2 Health 02:16:01 3.3 Refugees 02:16:36 3.4 Interpreters 02:16:59 3.5 Drug trade 02:19:30 3.6 Public education 02:19:57 3.6.1 Girls' education 02:20:28 4 War crimes 02:21:01 4.1 Taliban 02:21:56 4.2 Northern Alliance 02:22:36 4.3 NATO & Allies 02:26:46 5 Costs 02:27:55 5.1 Criticism of costs 02:28:57 6 Stability problems 02:31:39 7 Afghan security forces 02:31:49 7.1 Afghan National Army 02:35:30 7.2 Afghan National Police 02:36:11 8 Tactics/strategy of anti-government elements 02:37:08 8.1 ISAF conception of Taliban strategy 02:38:09 9 Insider attacks 02:39:26 10 Reactions 02:39:35 10.1 Domestic reactions 02:43:55 10.2 International reactions 02:46:03 10.3 Public opinion in 2001 02:47:34 10.4 Development of public opinion 02:50:46 10.5 Protests, demonstrations and rallies 02:51:42 11 Human rights abuses 02:51:57 11.1 Taliban 02:53:21 11.2 White phosphorus use 02:54:09 11.3 Human rights abuses against Afghan refugees 02:56:08 12 Environmental legacy 02:56:42 13 See also Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago. Learning by listening is a great way to: - increases imagination and understanding - improves your listening skills - improves your own spoken accent - learn while on the move - reduce eye strain Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone. You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCuKfABj2eGyjH3ntPxp4YeQ You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through: https://github.com/nodef/wikipedia-tts "The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing." - Socrates SUMMARY ======= The War in Afghanistan (or the U.S. War in Afghanistan), code named Operation Enduring Freedom – Afghanistan (2001–14) and Operation Freedom's Sentinel (2015–present), followed the United States invasion of Afghanistan of 7 October 2001. The U.S. was supported initially by the United Kingdom, Canada, and Australia and later by a coalition of over 40 countries, including all NATO members. The war's public aims were ... |